Adde Dutch National Flag Algorithm (#2728)

Misc/Sort012D.java

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package Misc;
+import java.util.*;
+/**
+The array is divided into four sections: 
+a[1..Lo-1] zeroes
+a[Lo..Mid-1] ones 
+a[Mid..Hi] unknown
+a[Hi+1..N] twos
+If array [mid] =0, then swap array [mid] with array [low] and increment both pointers once.
+If array [mid] = 1, then no swapping is required. Increment mid pointer once.
+If array [mid] = 2, then we swap array [mid] with array [high] and decrement the high pointer once.
+For more information on the Dutch national flag algorithm refer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_national_flag_problem
+*/
+public class Sort012D {
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        Scanner np = new Scanner(System.in);
+        int n = np.nextInt();
+        int a[] = new int[n];
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            a[i] = np.nextInt();
+        }
+        sort012(a);}
+
+   public static void sort012(int[]a){
+            int l = 0;
+            int h = a.length - 1;
+            int mid = 0;
+            int temp ;
+            while (mid <= h) {
+                switch (a[mid]) {
+                    case 0: {
+                        temp = a[l];
+                        a[l] = a[mid];
+                        a[mid] = temp;
+                        l++;
+                        mid++;
+                        break;}
+                    case 1:
+                        mid++;
+                        break;
+                    case 2: {
+                        temp = a[mid];
+                        a[mid] = a[h];
+                        a[h] = temp;
+                        h--;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+          System.out.println("the Sorted array is ");
+          for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
+              System.out.print(+a[i] + " "); }
+}