JavaAlgorithms/DataStructures/Trees/LCA.java
2021-10-16 16:43:51 +03:00

107 lines
2.8 KiB
Java

package DataStructures.Trees;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class LCA {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args){
//The adjacency list representation of a tree:
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> adj = new ArrayList<>();
//v is the number of vertices and e is the number of edges
int v = scanner.nextInt(), e = v-1;
for(int i=0;i<v;i++){
adj.add(new ArrayList<Integer>());
}
//Storing the given tree as an adjacency list
int to, from;
for(int i=0;i<e;i++){
to = scanner.nextInt();
from = scanner.nextInt();
adj.get(to).add(from);
adj.get(from).add(to);
}
//parent[v1] gives parent of a vertex v1
int[] parent = new int[v];
//depth[v1] gives depth of vertex v1 with respect to the root
int[] depth = new int[v];
//Assuming the tree to be rooted at 0, hence calculating parent and depth of every vertex
dfs(adj,0,-1,parent,depth);
//Inputting the two vertices whose LCA is to be calculated
int v1 = scanner.nextInt(), v2 = scanner.nextInt();
//Outputting the LCA
System.out.println(getLCA(v1,v2,depth,parent));
}
/**
* Depth first search to calculate parent and depth of every vertex
* @param adj The adjacency list representation of the tree
* @param s The source vertex
* @param p Parent of source
* @param parent An array to store parents of all vertices
* @param depth An array to store depth of all vertices
*/
private static void dfs(ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> adj, int s, int p, int[] parent, int[] depth){
for(int adjacent: adj.get(s)){
if(adjacent!=p){
parent[adjacent] = s;
depth[adjacent] = 1 + depth[s];
dfs(adj,adjacent,s,parent,depth);
}
}
}
/**
* Method to calculate Lowest Common Ancestor
* @param v1 The first vertex
* @param v2 The second vertex
* @param depth An array with depths of all vertices
* @param parent An array with parents of all vertices
* @return Returns a vertex that is LCA of v1 and v2
*/
private static int getLCA(int v1, int v2, int[] depth, int[] parent){
if(depth[v1] < depth[v2]){
int temp = v1;
v1 = v2;
v2 = temp;
}
while(depth[v1]!=depth[v2]){
v1 = parent[v1];
}
if(v1==v2) return v1;
while(v1!=v2){
v1 = parent[v1];
v2 = parent[v2];
}
return v1;
}
}
/**
* Input:
* 10
* 0 1
* 0 2
* 1 5
* 5 6
* 2 4
* 2 3
* 3 7
* 7 9
* 7 8
* 9 4
* Output:
* 2
*/