JavaAlgorithms/DataStructures/Trees/VerticalOrderTraversal.java
2021-10-14 17:33:51 +03:00

107 lines
3.0 KiB
Java

package DataStructures.Trees;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Queue;
/* The following class implements a vertical order traversal
in a tree from top to bottom and left to right, so for a tree :
1
/ \
2 3
/ \ \
4 5 6
\ / \
7 8 10
\
9
the sequence will be :
4 2 7 1 5 9 3 8 6 10
*/
public class VerticalOrderTraversal{
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinaryTree tree = new BinaryTree();
tree.put(5);
tree.put(6);
tree.put(3);
tree.put(1);
tree.put(4);
BinaryTree.Node root = tree.getRoot();
ArrayList<Integer> ans = verticalTraversal(root);
for(int i : ans) {
System.out.print(i+" ");
}
}
/*Function that receives a root Node and prints the tree
in Vertical Order.*/
private static ArrayList<Integer> verticalTraversal(BinaryTree.Node root) {
/*Queue to store the Nodes.*/
Queue<BinaryTree.Node> queue= new LinkedList<>();
/*Queue to store the index of particular vertical
column of a tree , with root at 0, Nodes on left
with negative index and Nodes on right with positive
index. */
Queue<Integer> index = new LinkedList<>();
/*Map of Integer and ArrayList to store all the
elements in a particular index in a single arrayList
that will have a key equal to the index itself. */
Map<Integer,ArrayList<Integer>> map = new HashMap<>();
/* min and max stores leftmost and right most index to
later print the tree in vertical fashion.*/
int max =0, min =0;
queue.offer(root);
index.offer(0);
while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
if(queue.peek().left!=null) {
/*Adding the left Node if it is not null
and its index by subtracting 1 from it's
parent's index*/
queue.offer(queue.peek().left);
index.offer(index.peek()-1);
}
if(queue.peek().right!=null) {
/*Adding the right Node if it is not null
and its index by adding 1 from it's
parent's index*/
queue.offer(queue.peek().right);
index.offer(index.peek()+1);
}
/*If the map does not contains the index a new
ArrayList is created with the index as key.*/
if(!map.containsKey(index.peek())) {
ArrayList<Integer> a = new ArrayList<>();
map.put(index.peek(), a);
}
/*For a index, corresponding Node data is added
to the respective ArrayList present at that
index. */
map.get(index.peek()).add(queue.peek().data);
max = (int)Math.max(max,index.peek());
min = (int)Math.min(min,index.peek());
/*The Node and its index are removed
from their respective queues.*/
index.poll();queue.poll();
}
/*Finally map data is printed here which has keys
from min to max. Each ArrayList represents a
vertical column that is added in ans ArrayList.*/
ArrayList<Integer> ans= new ArrayList<>();
for(int i =min ; i<= max ; i++) {
for(int j = 0 ; j<map.get(i).size(); j++) {
ans.add(map.get(i).get(j));
}
}
return ans;
}
}