algo/java/24_tree/BinarySearchTree.java

public class BinarySearchTree {
  private Node tree;

  public Node find(int data) {
    Node p = tree;
    while (p != null) {
      if (data < p.data) p = p.left;
      else if (data > p.data) p = p.right;
      else return p;
    }
    return null;
  }
  
  public void insert(int data) {
    if (tree == null) {
      tree = new Node(data);
      return;
    }

    Node p = tree;
    while (p != null) {
      if (data > p.data) {
        if (p.right == null) {
          p.right = new Node(data);
          return;
        }
        p = p.right;
      } else { // data < p.data
        if (p.left == null) {
          p.left = new Node(data);
          return;
        }
        p = p.left;
      }
    }
  }

  public void delete(int data) {
    Node p = tree; // p指向要删除的节点，初始化指向根节点
    Node pp = null; // pp记录的是p的父节点
    while (p != null && p.data != data) {
      pp = p;
      if (data > p.data) p = p.right;
      else p = p.left;
    }
    if (p == null) return; // 没有找到

    // 要删除的节点有两个子节点
    if (p.left != null && p.right != null) { // 查找右子树中最小节点
      Node minP = p.right;
      Node minPP = p; // minPP表示minP的父节点
      while (minP.left != null) {
        minPP = minP;
        minP = minP.left;
      }
      p.data = minP.data; // 将minP的数据替换到p中
      p = minP; // 下面就变成了删除minP了
      pp = minPP;
    }

    // 删除节点是叶子节点或者仅有一个子节点
    Node child; // p的子节点
    if (p.left != null) child = p.left;
    else if (p.right != null) child = p.right;
    else child = null;

    if (pp == null) tree = child; // 删除的是根节点
    else if (pp.left == p) pp.left = child;
    else pp.right = child;
  }

  public Node findMin() {
    if (tree == null) return null;
    Node p = tree;
    while (p.left != null) {
      p = p.left;
    }
    return p;
  }

  public Node findMax() {
    if (tree == null) return null;
    Node p = tree;
    while (p.right != null) {
      p = p.right;
    }
    return p;
  }
  
  public static class Node {
    private int data;
    private Node left;
    private Node right;

    public Node(int data) {
      this.data = data;
    }
  }
}